IZizwe Ezihlangene ziqoke u-2022 njengoNyaka Wengilazi Wamazwe Ngamazwe.U-Cooper Hewitt ugubha lo mcimbi ngochungechunge oluthatha unyaka wonke lokuthunyelwe okugxile endaweni yengilazi nokongiwa kwemnyuziyamu.
Lokhu okuthunyelwe kugxile kubuchwepheshe obubili obuhlukene obusetshenziselwa ukwakha kanye nezinsimbi zengilazi zokuhlobisa: ukusika kuqhathaniswa nengilazi ecindezelwe.Isitsha senziwe ngengilazi ecindezelwe, kuyilapho indishi yasikwa ukuze kwakhiwe indawo yayo ecwebezelayo.Yize zombili izinto zisobala futhi zihlotshiswe ngokucebile, ukwenziwa kwazo nezindleko bekuzohluka kakhulu.Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho kwakhiwa isitsha esinezinyawo, izindleko nobuciko obudingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ucezu oluhlotshiswe kangaka kwakusho ukuthi lwalungathengeki kakhulu.Izisebenzi zengilazi ezinekhono zakha i-geometric surface ngokusika ingilazi—inqubo ethatha isikhathi eside.Okokuqala, umenzi wengilazi waphephetha okungenalutho—ifomu lengilazi elingahlotshisiwe.Ucezu lwabe seludluliselwa kungcweti owaklama iphethini okwakuzosikwa engilazini.Idizayini yachazwa ngaphambi kokuba ucezu lunikezwe i-rougher, eyasika ingilazi ngamasondo ensimbi noma amatshe azungezayo ahlanganiswe nama-abrasive pastes ukuze akhiqize iphethini efunekayo.Ekugcineni, umpholishi waqeda ucezu, eqinisekisa ukukhanya kwalo okukhazimulayo.
Ngokuphambene, isitsha asinqunywanga kodwa sacindezelwa esikhunjeni ukuze kwakhiwe iphethini ye-swag nentshakaza, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Lincoln Drape (umklamo, owadalwa ngemva kokushona kukaMongameli u-Abraham Lincoln, okuthiwa wavusa i-drapery eyayihlobise ibhokisi lakhe. kanye nesidumbu).Inqubo ecindezelwe yayinelungelo lobunikazi e-United States ngo-1826 futhi yashintsha ngempela ukwenziwa kwengilazi.Ingilazi ecindezelweyo ikhiqizwa ngokuthela ingilazi encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni bese kusetshenziswa umshini ukusunduza, noma ukucindezela, izinto zibe yifomu.Izingcezu ezenziwe ngale ndlela zibonakala kalula ngengaphakathi elibushelelezi lemikhumbi yazo (njengoba isikhunta sithinta kuphela indawo yengilazi yangaphandle) kanye nezimpawu zokugodola, okungama-ripples amancane adalwa lapho ingilazi eshisayo icindezelwa esikhunjini sensimbi esibandayo.Ukuze uzame futhi uvale amamaki abandayo ezincekwini ezicindezelwe ekuqaleni, imiklamo yephethini ye-lacy yayivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ingemuva.Njengoba le ndlela yokucindezelwa ikhula ngokuthandwa, abakhiqizi bezingilazi bathuthukisa ukwakheka kwengilazi okusha ukuze kuhambisane kangcono nezidingo zenqubo.
Ukusebenza kahle okwenziwa ngayo ingilazi ecindezelwe kube nomthelela emakethe yezingilazi, kanye nezinhlobo zokudla ezidliwe abantu nokuthi lokhu kudla kwethulwa kanjani.Ngokwesibonelo, izitsha zikasawoti (izitsha ezincane zokuphakelwa usawoti etafuleni lokudlela) zanda kakhulu, njengoba kwenza izitsha zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi.Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi saziswa kakhulu etafuleni lomndeni ocebile wama-Victorian.I-glassware ehlotshisiwe yahlala iwuphawu lwesimo, kodwa ingilazi ecindezelwe inikeze indlela engabizi kakhulu, efinyeleleka kalula yokwakha ikhaya lesitayela lohlu olubanzi lwabathengi.Imboni yezingilazi e-United States yadlondlobala phakathi nekhulunyaka le-19 lakamuva, ikhombisa ubuciko obusha bokukhiqiza obubambe iqhaza elikhulu ekutholakaleni okubanzi kanye nomlando wezinsimbi zengilazi ezisebenzayo zokuhlobisa.Njengamanye amasu okukhiqiza akhethekile, ingilazi ecindezelwe ifunwa kakhulu ngabaqoqi bengilazi yomlando.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-20-2022